- LITHIUM NIOBATE CRYSTAL - AN OVERVIEW

In 1993 Kuz’minov and Osiko pointed out which the ‘disturbance�?of stoichiometry in LN crystals is mainly mainly because of the insufficient oxygen in Nb2O5, made use of as being a raw product Preliminary melt (Czochralski technique) [186]. Accordingly, dependant upon its generation technologies, niobium pentoxide can undertake a variety of c